Introduction-
What is fleece made of? This is among the questions that are most frequently posed by the buyers who adore soft and warm clothes. Fleece is a lightweight, warm and durable material that keeps one warm without any extra weight. It resembles the insulating touch of natural wool, but it is easier to maintain, cheaper and quicker to dry. Due to these attributes, fleece has been highly used as a fashion in jackets, blankets, activewear, and winter accessory.
Fleece is famous in the modern world because it is a warm fabric, soft, and versatile. Numerous consumers, textile students, and environmentally conscious consumers desire to find out what fleece is composed of and which are the best types of this garment. The majority of the fleece is produced using polyester; however, cotton fleece, as well as wool-blend fleece, is available. All these types have their own differences and their needs. This guide provides all the needed information in a way that you can select the proper fleece to your lifestyle and environment.
What Is Fleece Fabric?
Fleece fabric has a plush, soft feeling, and a fluffy surface. While it can be compared to warm wool, it is not real animal wool, and is not itchy. Unlike wool, fleece is smoother, lighter, and warmer. It is commonly used in casual clothing such as jackets, hoodies and hats. It is a staple in outdoor and athletic wear. Because of these qualities, fleece is used mainly in clothing, and warm, cozy household items. It is used in everyday items.
What Is Fleece Made Of?
Polyester Fleece (Most Common)
The most prevalent fleece is polyester fleece. It consists of polyester fibers which are artificial petroleum-based polymers. These strands are turned into as much thread as possible and then knitted or woven into fleece fabric. It has a reputation of being very warm to the touch, as well as being relatively cheap. Polyester fleece is a thermal retention, hydrophobic (water-resistant), but not completely waterproof material. Most of the cheap fleece jackets and blankets consist of 100% polyester because it is warm and it lasts.
Recycled Plastic (PET Bottles)
Fleece is more and more produced with recycled plastic material, particularly, bottles of PET (polyethylene terephthalate). Under this process, plastic bottles that have been discarded are cleaned and shredded before they are melted and then turned into yarns. In case of an example, 5 plastic containers can be recycled into the fiber required in a t-shirt. Recycled polyester makes it easier to avoid the landfills and limit the usage of new materials based on oil. Recycled fleece is almost similar to virgin polyester in quality but it uses much less energy to make.
Fleece Made of Natural Fibers (Cotton, Wool Blends)
Other fleece fabrics utilize non synthetic materials such as cotton or wool. Cotton fleece is normally produced by weaving cotton fibers into a cloth and brushing the surface to produce a fuzzy touch. It is cozy and pleasant as the interior of a sweatshirt. Wool blends fleeces include wool, cotton or synthetic fibers. As an example, one of the popular cotton fleece yarns is a 80 percent cotton and 20 percent wool. The cotton makes it cool and strong and the wool brings bounce and warmth. Fleece made of wool blend is also warmer and may be colder than wool fleece as cotton serves as a wick.
Comparison of Synthetic and Natural Fleece.
Synthetic fleece (polyester or acrylic) is produced by using fibers that are derived by petroleum products, and natural fleece is produced by using plant or animal fibers. The artificial ones weigh little, dry fast, and can be immersed in water, and they are dyeable to bright colors. Natural fleeces, such as cotton and wool, are breathable and hypoallergenic, and moisture does not go through them (cotton absorbs, wool wicks).
As an example, synthetic fleece will not absorb moisture but it will allow it to evaporate, which makes it feel dry. On the contrary, when wet, cotton fleece may be damp. There are trade-offs in terms of the environment and comfort synthetic fleece sheds microplastics and is not biodegradable, whereas natural fleece may be heavier and pricier.
How Fleece Is Made (Manufacturing Process)
Raw Material Sourcing
Manufacturers will get polyester pellets, recycled PET flakes or natural fibers to produce. The materials used are chosen according to the purity, strength, and the environmental objectives. The quality of raw materials can be improved, and it will result in finer, warmer, and more sustainable end fleece.
Fiber Spinning
The raw materials are melted and directed through spinerets into filaments by means of controlled heat. These fine strands become cooled very fast and are then stretched to lend more strength. The resulting fibers are made the building blocks of the yarn fleece.
Knitting Process
Circular knitting machines are used to knit the fibers that have been spun into a uniform sheet of fabric. The knitting of this pattern forms loops making it flexible and soft. The result is a stable textile structure which is prepared to be enhanced at the surface level.
Brushing to Create Softness
The sheet of knitting goes through metal brushes which lift the ends of the fibers. This fluffy plush texture is made through this brushing process which is effective in trapping heat. It enhances volume on the surface as well, rendering the fabric warm and soft.
Finishing Treatments
Anti-pilling, dyeing or water-resistant coating are some of the treatments that the brushed fleece receives. These measures enhance durability, stabilize coloration as well as enhance performance. Once completed, inspection of the fleece is carried out, rolled and ready to be made into a garment.
Types of Fleece Fabric
Polar Fleece:
A fleece of average thickness, fabricated of polyester. Polar fleece is insulating and light and warm, with medium pile. It is also typically applied in jackets and blankets. Polar fleece is available in 100gsm, 200gsm and 300gsm (greater the number the heavier and warmer).
Microfleece:
It is a fleece which is made of extra-lightweight. Microfleece is extremely fine (usually less than 200gsm) and with a fine pile. It is soft and stretchy but it does not give as much warmth as the thicker fleeces. Microfleece is suitable due to its ability to breathe freely and compress into a small size, thus making the material ideal in the process of layering during physical activities or when it is hot.
Sherpa Fleece:
Sherpa is another name that is known as boa fleece or faux-shearling, this thick, shaggy, fleece that imitates the wool of a sheep. It has a single side that is smooth knitted and the other side is fluffy and wool-like. Sherpa is most comfortable and plush and can be used to make coats, vests, hats and lining. It is well insulating and tough (can resist crushing, even after washing).
Cotton Fleece:
This is made of cotton and brushed as polyester. Cotton fleece is most often knitted cotton face (the outer side) and brushed back. It is breathable and soft as it is natural and feels like the inside of a sweatshirt. Polyester is light and quick to dry, unlike cotton which is much heavier and slow to dry.
Wool-Blend Fleece:
Blends such as cotton/wool (e.g. 80% cotton, 20% wool) are a combination of these two types of fibers. A blend of wool feels soft and warm and has some touch of wool that is natural. Fleece made of pure wool (also referred to as wool fleece) has been in use since time immemorial and is touted as warm and naturally water repelling.
Anti-Pill Fleece:
This is a polyester fleece that has been treated and prevents pilling (fleece balls). Anti-pill fleece fibers are more densely twisted or packed thus shed less. It means that the surface remains cleaner and smoother, and that is why no-pill fleece is frequently applied to printed or promotional jackets. Practically, anti-pill fleece is longer-lasting and has a better appearance compared to the ordinary fleece.
Is Fleece Made From Plastic?
There is a question many people ask; Is fleece plastic? The response is yes, in the majority of cases. Fleece is polyester made of PET as a material used in the production of beverage containers. This is a plastic melted and twined into soft fibers which are light and warm.
There is however the concern of polyester production to the environment. The petroleum is used in producing the material thus causing depletion of resources. Fleece made out of polyester also releases microplastics into the water body when washed. The problem of microplastic is one of the largest disadvantages of synthetic fleece. Thousand and thousands of small particles are lost in every wash cycle. These particles are deposited in waste water systems and they find their way to oceans and soil.
Fleece that is recycled is a green option. Old plastic bottles and textile wastes are utilized by the manufacturers to produce new fibers. The process also minimizes the amount of waste in landfills and decreases carbon emission thus recycled fleece is a responsible solution.
Is Fleece Natural or Synthetic?
| Feature | Synthetic Fleece (e.g. 100% Polyester) | Natural Fleece (Cotton, Wool, Blends) |
|---|---|---|
| Origin | Made from petroleum-based polymers | Made from plant (cotton) or animal (wool) fibers |
| Warmth | Very warm and insulating for weight | Warm, but heavier (wool is very warm with less bulk) |
| Durability | Durable, resistant to rot and moths | Softer, can wear out or shrink (wool can degrade if not cared for) |
| Moisture Handling | Wicks moisture and dries fast | Wool wicks well; cotton absorbs moisture (can feel damp) |
| Eco Impact | Non-biodegradable, causes microplastic pollution | Biodegradable, but farming (cotton/wool) has its own impacts |
- Synthetic Fleece Pros: Extremely lightweight, warm and fast drying. It is moth and mildew resistant and has high weight insulation. It is usually less expensive.
- Synthetic Fleece Cons: It releases microplastic during the laundering process, is nonbiodegradable, and may cause a statical cling. It will be less breathable and will melt in extreme heat (e.g. fire or hot irons).
- Natural Fleece Advantages: Cotton and wool are non-slippery and soft to touch. They have the capability of absorbing or wicking moisture. Wool is a nice blanket and cotton is smooth. Natural fibers are decomposing. As an example, the cotton/wool fleece is breathable and comfortable.
- Natural Fleece Cons: This is normally heavier and more expensive than polyester. Some may be allergic or itchy with wool. These materials are usually hard to wash (e.g. wool shrinkage risk). When wet they do not insulate so well (cotton takes in water).
Is Fleece Fabric Warm?
Fleece is used as it traps heat remarkably well. The brushed fibers make air pockets which retain warm air near the skin. This construction is similar to the wool and lighter and quicker drying.
When the fleece is thickened or double brushed, it becomes more insulated. Due to this fact polar fleece is suitable to use in winter jackets and hiking layers. Fleece is one of the best materials to use in cold weather due to the warmth-to-weight ratio.
Fleece works far better in cold weather compared to cotton. Cotton is the one that absorbs moisture and loses heat, whereas fleece is the one that insulates even when a bit wet. The wool is also a good source of warmth, however, fleece is drying and lighter.
Is Fleece Breathable?
Yes, fleece is breathable. The knitted fabric enables passage of air through the fabric. This ventilatory lowers the overheating and aids in maintaining a normal temperature during exercise.
Fleece also takes away moisture on the skin. It sweeps sweat out of the body and evaporates it over the fabric surface in a manner that it will dry much quicker. Due to this reason, microfleece is the best when it comes to sports and hiking.
Fleece is popular among outdoor athletes as it helps them stay warm without overheating the skin. It is more effective in cool or cold climates and moisture control is needed.
Is Fleece Waterproofed or Water-Resistant?
Fleece is not waterproof in nature, although it is able to withstand light moisture. Small quantities of water are repelled by the fibers, owing to the fact that polyester is not an easy liquid absorbent. This renders the fleece to be applicable in cold or slightly rainy weather. Fleece is however not good in heavy rain. The knit structure can be penetrated by water and leave the wearer wet. That is why fleece jackets are frequently combined with the waterproof shells.
A portion of the fleece has DWR (Durable Water Repellent). Treated fleece is more effective in keeping off moisture, and it is also able to remain dry. Nevertheless, it is water-resistant, but not waterproof.
Is Fleece Safe for Skin?
Fleece is not particularly harmful to the skin. Polyester fibers do not contain allergens and are soft-feeling. This renders fleece appropriate to individuals who are sensitive to wool or coarse materials.
But there may be some poor quality fleece, which may irritate. Bad dyeing or chemical finishes can cause someone to be sensitive. These risks can be avoided by selecting certified or natural fleece. Fleece is a good cloth to use with babies and a sensitive skin, provided that it is of good quality, free of toxins, and breathable. In most cases, cotton fleece is the most appropriate fabric to be used on babies since it is natural and devoid of chemicals.
Common Uses of Fleece Fabric
- Hoodies and Jackets
- Best choice for comfort and warmth and easy to layer.
- Blankets
- For cozy throws and for bedding in winter.
- Baby Clothing
- For extra delicate skin, soft and gentle to use.
- Sports Apparel
- For running, cold weather training, and great for hiking.
- Home Textiles & Bedding
- For the most common use with pillow and cushion covers, to fill with cushion and for sheets.
Pros and Cons of Fleece Fabric
Pros
- Warm and super insulating.
- Lightweight and easy to move with.
- Really soft to the touch.
- Quick to dry and moisture-wicking.
- Low cost and easy to find.
Cons
- Releases microplastics into water and lakes.
- Non biodegradable, especially polyester.
- Can pill without an anti-pill treatment.
- Can melt under high heat or open flame.
Fleece vs Wool vs Cotton
Warmth Comparison
Fleece does a great job at keeping you warm without being bulky. Wool insulates well even when it gets wet. You lose heat faster when wearing cotton because it stays cool in cold weather.
Breathability
Fleece has a good balance of heat retention and airflow. Wool breathes well but it can be heavy when damp. Cotton absorbs moisture quickly so it can get damp but it breathes well.
Price
Fleece is the least expensive winter option. Wool is the most expensive because it is natural. Cotton is mid range in price and depends on the quality of cotton.
Durability
Fleece is the strongest and can last the longest. Wool also lasts the longest but it needs more attention. Cotton can lose it’s shape more easily and can thin out faster.
Sustainability
Recycled fleece helps reduce plastic waste and is good for the planet. Wool is also good for the planet as it biodegrades but make sure to use it ethically. Cotton farming is also natural but it uses a lot of water.
Is Fleece Eco-Friendly or Sustainable?
Synthetic fabrics have gained more sustainability status due to recycled fleece. By recycling plastic bottles into useful fibers, the producers will minimize the number of wastes and reduce the use of new petroleum in landfills. Thus, recycled polyester is a greener substitute of virgin polyester.
Nevertheless, even polyester fleece releases microplastics. These minute fibers are carried into oceans and lakes as well as soil and they have an impact on the ecosystems all around the globe. This is a very crucial problem even though the recycled materials have immense advantages.
Sustainability certifications aid in buyers making responsible purchases. Such certifications as GRS (Global Recycled Standard), OEKO-TEX and Bluesign prove that the fleece is safe with regard to chemicals and environment. Recycled fleece, low-impact dyes, and certified materials are some of the options that can be chosen in favor of green.
How to Care for Fleece Fabric
- Washing Instructions: Wash fleece in cold water on a gentle cycle. Wash with a mild, non-bleaching, non-fabric softener (softener could also coat fibers and decrease loft). Wash clothes of the same color. The brushed surface can be shielded by turning the garments inside-out. Less frequent washing is also beneficial in terms of wear and shedding of fibers.
- Drying instructions: Tumbler dry on low power or better still air dry. Dryers are also likely to damage the pile and shrink fleece due to high heat. When machine drying, turn it on the lowest level. Wipe fleece when a little wet and allow to dry flat in order to allow it to retain its shape.
- Pilling Prevention: To reduce pills, it is better to wash fleece inside-out in cold water and not to load the rough washer machine with velcreo or zippers that may snag fleece. Do not use high spin cycles. Pills may also be clipped by hand or by a fabric shaver and it appears. To minimize pilling, one can use an anti-static dryer sheet or dryer ball to eliminate the friction and static.
- Storage Instructions: Store folded fleece in a dry location. Fleece of very heavy weight should not be left hanging long, as it tends to stretch. Store it in the shade (UV may cause colors to be faded). Moreover, it is important to ensure that fleece is clean before it is stored to prevent pests (wool blends in particular). In long term storage, fabric bags can be used, which will allow air to circulate and avoid mustiness.
How to Identify High-Quality Fleece
- Fleece Fabric Weight (GSM)
- Fleece of higher GSM offers better warmth and quality.
- Pilling Resistance
- If you want to keep the fleece smooth for long time, choose anti-pil fleece.
- Softness
- Fleece of good quality is super smooth, thick and brushed evenly.
- Stretch Recovery
- Good fleece does not lose shape after being worn and bounces back.
- Brand Quality Indicators
- Reputable brands that have certificates of the materials and keep same standards of production can be trusted.
Conclusion-
Fleece is a great material of warmth and comfort particularly during cool or cold environments. It is lightweight and breathable, which gives it the best use in outdoor lovers, sports people and people, who require insulation but do not need it to be bulky. It is also cheap, simple to manage and highly tender. Fleece will appeal to those who desire warmth, speed, and quickness in their dressing.
Nonetheless, fleece has its negative aspects. Unless recycled materials are applied, it is not very eco-friendly. It should not be worn as a jacket alone during wet weather (waterproofed layer) or in areas around flames. Individuals having very sensitive skin may like natural fibers.
Read More>> About Merino fleece fabric.
FAQs
Is fleece made from wool?
No. The vast majority of the fleece is produced out of the polyester, rather than wool. There is wool fleece, although it is not that prevalent and is typically mixed with synthetic ones.
Is fleece bad for the environment?
Fleece made of polyester may be harmful to the environment since it sheds off microplastics. Recycled fleece will reduce waste, and washing bags might help trap microfibers.
Is fleece flammable?
Yes. Polyester fleece melts in high temperatures hence it is flammable around the burning flame. Fleece should not be exposed to heaters, stoves, or campfires.
Can fleece be recycled?
Yes. Fleece made of Polyester can be used again as a fiber, insulation or industry products. Fleece products that are recycled are valuable to the circular sustainability.
